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Phép Hoán-ảnh.
This term means method for permutation and change of images and movements
in a quyen using the principle of Symmetry
(quyen = form, choreographed movements). We call it ‘Change’ (for the Way
of Change).
Methodology
The basic version of a quyen
when students first learn it is called ‘the
main version’. From this main version, an advanced learner will be asked to perform a more
sophisticate version of the same quyen by executing Hoán-ảnh ‘Changes’. There are methods and rules to be taught, here it
is.
The easiest rule of ‘change’ consists of executing exactly
the same movements but simply at the opposite direction. For example if the
quyen starts ‘facing South’ then at the end the performer will rotate 180
degrees to restart with the same movements but now ‘facing North’.
At more difficult levels, it
will be executed under the rules of Symmetry.
Symmetry means that one shape becomes exactly like
another if you move it in some way:
turn, flip or slide.
There
are three basic types of symmetry: mirror symmetry, rotational symmetry, and point
symmetry.
-Mirror
symmetry
Mirror symmetry occurs
when your image (meaning a position in your quyen) is reflected like looking
in a mirror.
To
execute ‘mirror change’ you will
replace the original movements –steps, legs, arms, direction and so on- by
the corresponding images as you could see them in a mirror.
This
is what we apply almost to any of our quyen. At first level students learn
the main version; then at advanced level students will learn the ‘mirror change version’. We call it by ‘doing the opposite’ which means executing the ‘mirror change version’ after the end
of the main version.
-Rotational
symmetry
Rotational symmetry occurs
when your image is rotated around a central point.
The
image can be rotated more than once, and it stays like the same original
image (because it is not a mirror image) but put at a different point on a
rotation curve.
This
method is often used in the study of fighting
techniques where there is a need of changing position while keeping
the same elements (legs, arms, fists) as in the original image.
-Point symmetry
Point symmetry occurs
when every part has a matching part across the central point (same distance but
in the opposite direction).
This
method helps in having an opposite image without the mirror effect; the body,
the legs, and the arms stay the same but in the opposite position across the
central point.
-Mix-methods
Certainly the above methods of symmetry provide
solid foundation to execute many ‘change’
however they could never satisfy all the needs since most of
our quyen can be performed on 4 directions, and sometimes on 8 directions,
consequently asymmetry happens.
To solve this problem, Phép Hoán-ảnh ‘Changes’ accept asymmetry
but under the condition that all elements of the object must stay intact.
In other words this means
the resulting image must be obtained
by one of the three symmetry-methods; only the place where it will be set is
in violation to symmetry rules.
For example we can make a resulting image by mirror symmetry from an original
image, then set it at the place where in point
symmetry method it would be found
(see picture); this is a violation to the rule but it is accepted because the
resulting image has been correctly obtained by one symmetry-method, mirror symmetry . This tolerance is
very important because finally the ultimate rule to make ‘Change’ could be simply taught as follows:
~ Step 1. Apply one of the three
symmetry-methods to an original image -this original image is a position in
you quyen- to obtain a resulting image. (So we have only three choices:
mirror-image, rotational-image, and point-symmetry-image).
~
Step
2. Set this resulting image at a place
where it is coherent to the whole presentation of your quyen.
Important conclusion
In practice, for most cases,
after finishing the main version of a quyen, we perform its next part by
using mirror-symmetry-method and we
call it ‘doing the opposite’.
We have choices to
perform a quyen with ‘two faces’ -facing South, then facing North- or with
‘four faces’ –South, North, East, West.
By convention we call the
starting direction as ‘facing South’, no matter what the accurate geographic
direction of the place could be.
Phép Hoán-ảnh, the rules of
‘Change’ (using symmetry)
have been taught through the form of Khiem-Long
Quyen , as an example, since early
1990’s (first time in the workshop at the university of Sherbrooke, then in
several Stages in Paris, and in Padova).
Since then the methods and rules for ‘Change’ have been part of the instruction to our
Black-Belts, especially the
mirror-symmetry-method is to be mainly applied. Teachers can extract some
exercises from a quyen -such as
Bai-Di-Xa, Dai-Lao, Hoanh-Son,
Truong-Thien, Tinh-Mat, Tam-Nguyen- to
train their students on the rules
of ‘Change’ ( Phép Hoán-ảnh).
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